69b9eb42e2
delete, select & insert upgraded More utility function (node to array, arrayToNode) XMLDB special move command PHP Unit Test
520 lines
22 KiB
HTML
520 lines
22 KiB
HTML
<html>
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<head>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
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<title>SimpleTest for PHP test runner and display documentation</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docs.css" title="Styles">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="menu_back"><div class="menu">
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<a href="index.html">SimpleTest</a>
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<a href="overview.html">Overview</a>
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<a href="unit_test_documentation.html">Unit tester</a>
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<a href="group_test_documentation.html">Group tests</a>
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<a href="mock_objects_documentation.html">Mock objects</a>
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<a href="partial_mocks_documentation.html">Partial mocks</a>
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<span class="chosen">Reporting</span>
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<a href="expectation_documentation.html">Expectations</a>
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<a href="web_tester_documentation.html">Web tester</a>
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<a href="form_testing_documentation.html">Testing forms</a>
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<a href="authentication_documentation.html">Authentication</a>
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<a href="browser_documentation.html">Scriptable browser</a>
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</div></div>
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<h1>Test reporter documentation</h1>
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This page...
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<ul>
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<li>
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Displaying <a href="#html">results in HTML</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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Displaying and <a href="#other">reporting results</a>
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in other formats
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</li>
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<li>
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Using <a href="#cli">SimpleTest from the command line</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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Using <a href="#xml">Using XML</a> for remote testing
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="content">
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<p>
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SimpleTest pretty much follows the MVC pattern
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(Model-View-Controller).
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The reporter classes are the view and the model is your
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test cases and their hiearchy.
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The controller is mostly hidden from the user of
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SimpleTest unless you want to change how the test cases
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are actually run, in which case it is possible to
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override the runner objects from within the test case.
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As usual with MVC, the controller is mostly undefined
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and there are other places to control the test run.
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</p>
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<p><a class="target" name="html"><h2>Reporting results in HTML</h2></a></p>
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<p>
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The default test display is minimal in the extreme.
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It reports success and failure with the conventional red and
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green bars and shows a breadcrumb trail of test groups
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for every failed assertion.
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Here's a fail...
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<div class="demo">
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<h1>File test</h1>
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<span class="fail">Fail</span>: createnewfile->True assertion failed.<br>
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<div style="padding: 8px; margin-top: 1em; background-color: red; color: white;">1/1 test cases complete.
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<strong>0</strong> passes, <strong>1</strong> fails and <strong>0</strong> exceptions.</div>
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</div>
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And here all tests passed...
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<div class="demo">
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<h1>File test</h1>
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<div style="padding: 8px; margin-top: 1em; background-color: green; color: white;">1/1 test cases complete.
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<strong>1</strong> passes, <strong>0</strong> fails and <strong>0</strong> exceptions.</div>
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</div>
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The good news is that there are several points in the display
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hiearchy for subclassing.
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</p>
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<p>
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For web page based displays there is the
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<span class="new_code">HtmlReporter</span> class with the following
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signature...
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<pre>
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class HtmlReporter extends SimpleReporter {
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public HtmlReporter($encoding) { ... }
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public makeDry(boolean $is_dry) { ... }
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public void paintHeader(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void sendNoCacheHeaders() { ... }
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public void paintFooter(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintGroupStart(string $test_name, integer $size) { ... }
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public void paintGroupEnd(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintCaseStart(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintCaseEnd(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintMethodStart(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintMethodEnd(string $test_name) { ... }
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public void paintFail(string $message) { ... }
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public void paintPass(string $message) { ... }
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public void paintError(string $message) { ... }
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public void paintException(string $message) { ... }
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public void paintMessage(string $message) { ... }
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public void paintFormattedMessage(string $message) { ... }
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protected string _getCss() { ... }
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public array getTestList() { ... }
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public integer getPassCount() { ... }
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public integer getFailCount() { ... }
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public integer getExceptionCount() { ... }
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public integer getTestCaseCount() { ... }
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public integer getTestCaseProgress() { ... }
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}
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</pre>
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Here is what some of these methods mean. First the display methods
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that you will probably want to override...
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<ul class="api">
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">HtmlReporter(string $encoding)</span><br>
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is the constructor.
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Note that the unit test sets up the link to the display
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rather than the other way around.
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The display is a mostly passive receiver of test events.
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This allows easy adaption of the display for other test
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systems beside unit tests, such as monitoring servers.
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The encoding is the character encoding you wish to
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display the test output in.
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In order to correctly render debug output when
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using the web tester, this should match the encoding
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of the site you are trying to test.
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The available character set strings are described in
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the PHP <a href="http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.htmlentities.php">html_entities()</a>
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function.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintHeader(string $test_name)</span><br>
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is called once at the very start of the test when the first
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start event arrives.
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The first start event is usually delivered by the top level group
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test and so this is where <span class="new_code">$test_name</span>
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comes from.
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It paints the page titles, CSS, body tag, etc.
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It returns nothing (<span class="new_code">void</span>).
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintFooter(string $test_name)</span><br>
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Called at the very end of the test to close any tags opened
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by the page header.
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By default it also displays the red/green bar and the final
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count of results.
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Actually the end of the test happens when a test end event
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comes in with the same name as the one that started it all
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at the same level.
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The tests nest you see.
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Closing the last test finishes the display.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintMethodStart(string $test_name)</span><br>
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is called at the start of each test method.
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The name normally comes from method name.
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The other test start events behave the same way except
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that the group test one tells the reporter how large
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it is in number of held test cases.
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This is so that the reporter can display a progress bar
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as the runner churns through the test cases.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintMethodEnd(string $test_name)</span><br>
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backs out of the test started with the same name.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintFail(string $message)</span><br>
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paints a failure.
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By default it just displays the word fail, a breadcrumbs trail
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showing the current test nesting and the message issued by
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the assertion.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">void paintPass(string $message)</span><br>
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by default does nothing.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">string _getCss()</span><br>
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Returns the CSS styles as a string for the page header
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method.
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Additional styles have to be appended here if you are
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not overriding the page header.
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You will want to use this method in an overriden page header
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if you want to include the original CSS.
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</li>
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</ul>
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There are also some accessors to get information on the current
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state of the test suite.
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Use these to enrich the display...
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<ul class="api">
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">array getTestList()</span><br>
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is the first convenience method for subclasses.
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Lists the current nesting of the tests as a list
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of test names.
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The first, most deeply nested test, is first in the
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list and the current test method will be last.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">integer getPassCount()</span><br>
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returns the number of passes chalked up so far.
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Needed for the display at the end.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">integer getFailCount()</span><br>
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is likewise the number of fails so far.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">integer getExceptionCount()</span><br>
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is likewise the number of errors so far.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">integer getTestCaseCount()</span><br>
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is the total number of test cases in the test run.
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This includes the grouping tests themselves.
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</li>
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<li>
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<span class="new_code">integer getTestCaseProgress()</span><br>
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is the number of test cases completed so far.
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</li>
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</ul>
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One simple modification is to get the HtmlReporter to display
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the passes as well as the failures and errors...
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<pre>
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<strong>class ShowPasses extends HtmlReporter {
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function paintPass($message) {
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parent::paintPass($message);
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print "&<span class=\"pass\">Pass</span>: ";
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$breadcrumb = $this->getTestList();
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array_shift($breadcrumb);
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print implode("-&gt;", $breadcrumb);
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print "-&gt;$message<br />\n";
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}
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function _getCss() {
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return parent::_getCss() . ' .pass { color: green; }';
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}
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}</strong>
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</pre>
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</p>
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<p>
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One method that was glossed over was the <span class="new_code">makeDry()</span>
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method.
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If you run this method, with no parameters, on the reporter
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before the test suite is run no actual test methods
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will be called.
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You will still get the events of entering and leaving the
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test methods and test cases, but no passes or failures etc,
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because the test code will not actually be executed.
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</p>
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<p>
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The reason for this is to allow for more sophistcated
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GUI displays that allow the selection of individual test
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cases.
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In order to build a list of possible tests they need a
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report on the test structure for drawing, say a tree view
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of the test suite.
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With a reporter set to dry run that just sends drawing events
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this is easily accomplished.
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</p>
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<p><a class="target" name="other"><h2>Extending the reporter</h2></a></p>
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<p>
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Rather than simply modifying the existing display, you might want to
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produce a whole new HTML look, or even generate text or XML.
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Rather than override every method in
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<span class="new_code">HtmlReporter</span> we can take one
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step up the class hiearchy to <span class="new_code">SimpleReporter</span>
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in the <em>simple_test.php</em> source file.
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</p>
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<p>
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A do nothing display, a blank canvas for your own creation, would
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be...
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<pre>
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<strong>require_once('simpletest/simple_test.php');</strong>
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class MyDisplay extends SimpleReporter {<strong>
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</strong>
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function paintHeader($test_name) {
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}
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function paintFooter($test_name) {
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}
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function paintStart($test_name, $size) {<strong>
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parent::paintStart($test_name, $size);</strong>
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}
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function paintEnd($test_name, $size) {<strong>
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parent::paintEnd($test_name, $size);</strong>
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}
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function paintPass($message) {<strong>
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parent::paintPass($message);</strong>
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}
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function paintFail($message) {<strong>
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parent::paintFail($message);</strong>
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}
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}
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</pre>
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No output would come from this class until you add it.
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</p>
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<p><a class="target" name="cli"><h2>The command line reporter</h2></a></p>
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<p>
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SimpleTest also ships with a minimal command line reporter.
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The interface mimics JUnit to some extent, but paints the
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failure messages as they arrive.
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To use the command line reporter simply substitute it
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for the HTML version...
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<pre>
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<?php
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require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php');
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require_once('simpletest/reporter.php');
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$test = &new TestSuite('File test');
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$test->addTestFile('tests/file_test.php');
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$test->run(<strong>new TextReporter()</strong>);
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?>
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</pre>
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Then invoke the test suite from the command line...
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<pre class="shell">
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php file_test.php
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</pre>
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You will need the command line version of PHP installed
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of course.
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A passing test suite looks like this...
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<pre class="shell">
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File test
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OK
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Test cases run: 1/1, Failures: 0, Exceptions: 0
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</pre>
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A failure triggers a display like this...
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<pre class="shell">
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File test
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1) True assertion failed.
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in createnewfile
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FAILURES!!!
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Test cases run: 1/1, Failures: 1, Exceptions: 0
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</pre>
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</p>
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<p>
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One of the main reasons for using a command line driven
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test suite is of using the tester as part of some automated
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process.
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To function properly in shell scripts the test script should
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return a non-zero exit code on failure.
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If a test suite fails the value <span class="new_code">false</span>
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is returned from the <span class="new_code">SimpleTest::run()</span>
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method.
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We can use that result to exit the script with the desired return
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code...
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<pre>
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<?php
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require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php');
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require_once('simpletest/reporter.php');
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$test = &new TestSuite('File test');
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$test->addTestFile('tests/file_test.php');
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<strong>exit ($test->run(new TextReporter()) ? 0 : 1);</strong>
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?>
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</pre>
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Of course we don't really want to create two test scripts,
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a command line one and a web browser one, for each test suite.
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The command line reporter includes a method to sniff out the
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run time environment...
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<pre>
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<?php
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require_once('simpletest/unit_tester.php');
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require_once('simpletest/reporter.php');
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$test = &new TestSuite('File test');
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$test->addTestFile('tests/file_test.php');
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<strong>if (TextReporter::inCli()) {</strong>
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exit ($test->run(new TextReporter()) ? 0 : 1);
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<strong>}</strong>
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$test->run(new HtmlReporter());
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?>
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</pre>
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This is the form used within SimpleTest itself.
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</p>
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<p><a class="target" name="xml"><h2>Remote testing</h2></a></p>
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<p>
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SimpleTest ships with an <span class="new_code">XmlReporter</span> class
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used for internal communication.
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When run the output looks like...
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<pre class="shell">
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<run>
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<group size="4">
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<name>Remote tests</name>
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<group size="4">
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<name>Visual test with 48 passes, 48 fails and 4 exceptions</name>
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<case>
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<name>testofunittestcaseoutput</name>
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<test>
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<name>testofresults</name>
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<pass>This assertion passed</pass>
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<fail>This assertion failed</fail>
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</test>
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<test>
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...
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</test>
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</case>
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</group>
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</group>
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</run>
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</pre>
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You can make use of this format with the parser
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supplied as part of SimpleTest itself.
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This is called <span class="new_code">SimpleTestXmlParser</span> and
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resides in <em>xml.php</em> within the SimpleTest package...
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<pre>
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<?php
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require_once('simpletest/xml.php');
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...
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$parser = &new SimpleTestXmlParser(new HtmlReporter());
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$parser->parse($test_output);
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?>
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</pre>
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The <span class="new_code">$test_output</span> should be the XML format
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from the XML reporter, and could come from say a command
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line run of a test case.
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The parser sends events to the reporter just like any
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other test run.
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There are some odd occasions where this is actually useful.
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</p>
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<p>
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A problem with large test suites is thet they can exhaust
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the default 8Mb memory limit on a PHP process.
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By having the test groups output in XML and run in
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separate processes, the output can be reparsed to
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aggregate the results into a much smaller footprint top level
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test.
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</p>
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<p>
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Because the XML output can come from anywhere, this opens
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up the possibility of aggregating test runs from remote
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servers.
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A test case already exists to do this within the SimpleTest
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framework, but it is currently experimental...
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<pre>
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<?php
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<strong>require_once('../remote.php');</strong>
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require_once('../reporter.php');
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$test_url = ...;
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$dry_url = ...;
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$test = &new TestSuite('Remote tests');
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$test->addTestCase(<strong>new RemoteTestCase($test_url, $dry_url)</strong>);
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$test->run(new HtmlReporter());
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?>
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</pre>
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The <span class="new_code">RemoteTestCase</span> takes the actual location
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of the test runner, basically a web page in XML format.
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It also takes the URL of a reporter set to do a dry run.
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This is so that progress can be reported upward correctly.
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The <span class="new_code">RemoteTestCase</span> can be added to test suites
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just like any other group test.
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</p>
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</div>
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References and related information...
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<ul>
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<li>
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SimpleTest project page on <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/simpletest/">SourceForge</a>.
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</li>
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<li>
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SimpleTest download page on <a href="http://www.lastcraft.com/simple_test.php">LastCraft</a>.
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</li>
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<li>
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The <a href="http://simpletest.org/api/">developer's API for SimpleTest</a>
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gives full detail on the classes and assertions available.
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</li>
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</ul>
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<div class="menu_back"><div class="menu">
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<a href="index.html">SimpleTest</a>
|
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|
|
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<a href="overview.html">Overview</a>
|
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<a href="unit_test_documentation.html">Unit tester</a>
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<a href="group_test_documentation.html">Group tests</a>
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<a href="mock_objects_documentation.html">Mock objects</a>
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<a href="partial_mocks_documentation.html">Partial mocks</a>
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<span class="chosen">Reporting</span>
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<a href="expectation_documentation.html">Expectations</a>
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<a href="web_tester_documentation.html">Web tester</a>
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<a href="form_testing_documentation.html">Testing forms</a>
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<a href="authentication_documentation.html">Authentication</a>
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<a href="browser_documentation.html">Scriptable browser</a>
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Copyright<br>Marcus Baker 2006
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